SCIENTIFIC NOTATION



 SCIENTIFIC NOTATION

Large numbers are represented as an integer multiplied by 10 to the power n.

For example, 1,000,000 may be written as 106 and 3,000,000 may be written as 3 x 106

Small numbers are represented as an integer multiplied by 10 to the power -n.

For example, 1/1,000,000 may be written as 10-6 and 3/1,000,000 may be written as 3 x 10-6

IMAGINARY NUMBERS

The square of 2 is 2 x 2 which is equal to 4. The square of -2 is -2 x -2 which is also equal to 4.

Since all positive numbers have positive squares and all negative numbers also have positive squares, it follows that the square root of a negative number can be neither positive nor negative.

The square root of -4 therefore lies outside of the dimension known as real numbers. The dimension in which the number may be quantified is deemed ‘imaginary’, and is represented by the sign i.

Thus,

the square root of -4 is 2i the square of 2i is -4.

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